SHARIA CONTEXTUALISATION TO ESTABLISH THE INDONESIAN FIQH
Abstract
The codifying of Islamic law through legislation is the right choice to realise the future of Islamic law in Indonesia. the role of the state is in the development and formulation of Islamic law. The state has played a very important role in supporting and equipping the development of the implementation of ijtihad. This can be realised through the state by way of provision of funds, facilities and educational institutions that can create a conducive environment to enhance the ability of ijtihad, advances of science, improving the quality and quantity of scholars and scientists. If the scholars can carry out their functions by providing fresh ideas and thoughts (ijtihad) that are appropriate in responding to contemporary problems. The state has obliged to form a consultative meeting to search and choose the most appropriate ideas and thoughts to be guided and used as legally applicable regulations and made as law. In this case, the state (government) must be very careful when it will determine the legislation that is binding on the people so that these regulations must be able to maximally meet the needs of the community while being able to solve their problems fairly. If not, then Muslims will again adhere to the opinion that only independent clerics and mujtahids can be trusted to formulate and develop laws that will govern people's lives through their ijtihad and fatwas. Therefore, the state must truly guarantee the freedom and independence of the activities of the legislative agency, while maintaining a collective role in determining and codifying correct opinions.
Abstrak: Kodifikasi hukum Islam melalui peraturan perundang-undangan merupakan pilihan yang tepat untuk mewujudkan masa depan hukum Islam di Indonespia, khususnya dalam melihat eran negara dalam pengembangan dan perumusan hukum Islam. Negara berperan sangat penting dalam mendukung dan memperlengkapi perkembangan pelaksanaan ijtihad. Hal ini dapat diwujudkan oleh negara dengan cara penyediaan dana, fasilitas dan lembaga pendidikan yang dapat menciptakan lingkungan yang kondusif untuk meningkatkan kemampuan ijtihad, kemajuan ilmu pengetahuan, peningkatan kualitas dan kuantitas ulama dan ilmuwan. Jika para ulama dapat menjalankan fungsinya dengan maksimal, maka akan muncul ide dan pemikiran segar (ijtihad) yang tepat dalam menjawab permasalahan kontemporer. Negara berkewajiban membentuk permusyawaratan untuk mencari gagasan dan pemikiran yang paling tepat untuk dijadikan pedoman, dan dijadikan peraturan perundang-undangan. Dalam hal ini negara (pemerintah) harus sangat berhati-hati ketika akan menetapkan peraturan perundang-undangan yang mengikat rakyat, sehingga peraturan tersebut harus mampu secara maksimal memenuhi kebutuhan masyarakat, sekaligus mampu menyelesaikan permasalahan terbaru secara adil. Jika tidak, maka umat Islam akan kembali berpegang pada ulama dan mujtahid independen yang dapat dipercaya untuk merumuskan dan mengembangkan hukum, untuk mengatur kehidupan masyarakat melalui ijtihad dan fatwa para ulama. Oleh karena itu, negara harus benar-benar menjamin kebebasan dan independensi kegiatan lembaga legislatif, dengan tetap menjaga peran kolektif dalam menentukan dan mengkodifikasikan pendapat yang benar.
Kata Kunci: Kontekstualisasi Syariah, Fiqh Indonesia, Hukum Praktis
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